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National Household Education Surveys Program, 2016
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The National Household Education Surveys Program, 2016 Early Childhood Program Participation (ECPP- NHES:2016) is a study that is part of the National Household Education Surveys (NHES) program; program data are available since 1991 at https://nces.ed.gov/nhes/dataproducts.asp. ECPP-NHES:2016 (https://nces.ed.gov/nhes) is a cross-sectional survey that collects in-depth information on children's participation in formal and informal nonparental care, education programs, reasons for choosing that care arrangement, and characteristics of care arrangements.
Detailed Methodology
The ECPP file includes data from surveys completed by parents or guardians of 5,843 children between the ages of 0 and 6 who were not yet enrolled in kindergarten. Additional details on sample design can be found here in the 2016 user's manual: https://nces.ed.gov/pubs2018/2018100.pdf
Data were collected using a two-phase survey (conducted primarily by mail), which used an address-based sample covering the 50 states and the District of Columbia. As described in detail in the user's manual, households were randomly sampled, and a screening questionnaire was sent to each sampled household. Households that were eligible for further surveying received a longer, topical survey. Additional information about data collection methods can be found here: https://nces.ed.gov/pubs2018/2018100.pdf